PATHOPHYSIOLOGY

General Considerations

•uterine tumors are rare and account for 0.2%-1.5% of all feline tumors

•uterine ADC is more common in cats and arises from the endometrium (= endometrial carcinoma)

•metastatic sites include cerebrum, eye, ovary, adrenal glands, lungs, liver, kidney, bladder, colon, diaphragm, and regional lymph nodes

•other uterine tumors include leiomyoma, leiomyosarcoma, FSA, LSA, fibroma, and lipoma

CLINICAL FEATURES

Clinical Features

•middle-aged to older animals

•abdominal enlargement with palpable abdominal mass

•vaginal discharge is common and can vary from purulent to mucoid to darkly hemorrhagic

•other signs include abnormal estrous cycles, polyuria-polydipsia, vomiting, and abdominal distension

Diagnosis

•abdominal palpation

•survey radiographs and ultrasonography to confirm origin of mass

•histopathology

Treatment

•ovariohysterectomy

•role and effectiveness of chemotherapy and radiation therapy is unknown

Prognosis

•surgical excision is curative for leiomyoma and other benign lesions

•prognosis is good for leiomyosarcoma and other malignant tumors if surgical excision is complete and there is no evidence of metastatic disease

•prognosis is guarded for feline endometrial carcinoma due to metastatic potential